Chapter 13: Organizational verbal exchange. Retrieved November 14, 2011from Air University web page: aker, K. 2011. 10 strategies clinical improve organizational effectiveness. Retrieved November14, 2011 from Bright Hub website: rganizational CommunicationsOperational eportingOperational reporting is a key part medical doctor each day grind of a enterprise. It helps doctor flow of daily operations while providing fast and dependable reviews of day medical day activities. Inthelate1980s,escalatinghealthcarecostsresultingfromtheexplosionofadvancedtechnologyandtheincreasedlifespanofAmericansledtothedemandforhealthcarereform. Thenursingprofessionheraldedhealthcarereformwithanunprecedentedcollaborationofmorethan75nursingassociations,ledbytheANAandtheNationalLeagueforNursing,inthepublicationofNursingsAgendaforHealthCareReform. Inthisdocument,thechallengeofmanagedcarewasaddressedinthecontextofcostcontainmentandqualityassuranceofhealthcareserviceforthenursingprofessionANA,1991. TheNewCenturyThenewcenturybeganwitharenewedfocusonqualityandsafetyinpatientcare. ThelandmarkpublicationfromtheInstituteofMedicineIOMpublishedinNovember1999,ToErrIsHuman,wasthelaunchingpadfromwhichthismovementbeganinearnest. Thisreportisbestknownfordrawingattentiontothescopeoferrorsinhealthcare;fortheconclusionthatmosterrorsarerelatedtofaultysystems,methods,andconditionsthatallowerrorratherthantoindividualrecklessness;andfortherecommendationtodesignhealthcaresystemsatalllevelstomakeitmoredifficulttomakeerrors.